THE TRANSITION METAL-CATALYZED REDUCTIVE AND ACCEPTORLESS DEHYDROGENATIVE COUPLING REACTIONS ARE AMONG THE MOST PROFICIENT APPROACHES IN MODERN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY. THE TRANSITION-METAL CATALYZED REDUCTIVE COUPLING (RC) REACTIONS, FACILITATE THE CATALYTIC COUPLING OF TWO ELECTROPHILES. IN THIS STRATEGY, ONE OF THE ELECTROPHILES IS CONVERTED TO AN ORGANOMETALLIC NUCLEOPHILE IN REACTION MEDIA AND THEN REACT WITH OTHER ELECTROPHILE TO PRODUCE COUPLING PRODUCT...

IN RECENT YEARS, PALLADIUM CATALYZED C-C BOUND FORMATION HAS BEEN EVOLVED INTO A GENERAL TECHNIQUE FOR COUPLING DIFFERENT SUBSTRATES UNDER VARIOUS CONDITIONS. ON THE OTHER HAND, CYCLOPALLADATED COMPLEXES AS AN IMPORTANT MATERIAL IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY PLAY IMPORTANT ROLE IN DIVERSE FIELDS OF STUDY ESPECIALLY IN COUPLING REACTIONS [1, 2]. HOMOGENEOUS PALLADIUM NANO CATALYST HAVE HIGHER REACTION RATE THAN HETEROGENEOUS BUT THERE ARE SOME PROBLEMS CONCERNING WITH THESE CATALYST SUCH AS NEED OF HIGH PRICE LIGANDS, SEPARATION FROM REACTION MIXTURE AND REUSE OF EXPENSIVE METAL CATALYST.IN THIS STUDY A PVP-SUPPORTED PALLADIUM NANO-CATALYST IS PREPARED AND CHARACTERIZED BY SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (SEM), TRANSITION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (TEM) AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION (XRD) TECHNIQUES. PALLADIUM NANOPARTICLES SUPPORTED ON PVP WAS USED AS AN EFFICIENT CATALYST IN THE SUZUKI CROSS-COUPLING REACTIONS OF PHENYL BRONIC ACID WITH ARYL HALIDES (SCHEME 1). OPTIMUM CONDITION FOR SUZUKI REACTION WAS EVALUATED BY VARIOUS TEMPERATURES, DURATION OF REACTION, AND KIND OF BASE, SOLVENT AND AMOUNT OF CATALYST. ALL REACTIONS WERE MONITORED BY GC AND GENERALLY GAVE HIGH YIELD OF COUPLED PRODUCTS.

SINCE THE DISCOVERY OF C-H OLEFINATION OF BENZENE BY FUJIWARA AT 1967 [1] NUMEROUS CATALYTIC VERSIONS OF THIS TRANSFORMATION HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED. THE VAST MAJORITY OF THESE CATALYTIC PROTOCOLS. ...

IN RECENT YEARS, THE HECK AND SUZUKI REACTIONS HAVE FOUND WIDESPREAD APPLICATIONS IN SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE [1]. THEIR POPULARITY STEMS IN PART FROM THEIR TOLERANCE OF MANY FUNCTIONAL GROUPS, WHICH ALLOWS THEM TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE SYNTHESIS OF HIGHLY COMPLEX MOLECULES [2]. THE PALLADIUM-CATALYZED SUZUKI AND HECK CROSS-COUPLING REACTIONS ARE POWERFUL TOOLS FOR THE PREPARATION, RESPECTIVELY, OF UNSYMMETRICAL BIARYL [3] AND STILBENE COMPOUNDS WHICH HAVE BEEN APPLIED TO MANY AREAS, INCLUDING HERBICIDES AND NATURAL PRODUCT SYNTHESIS [4]. IN THIS STUDY DENDRONIZED POLYSTYRENES WERE OBTAINED BY MODIFICATION OF POLY(STYRENE-CO-CHLOROMETHYLSTYRENE) PRECURSORS WITH LIC(SIME2CH=CH2)3 PALLADIUM WAS ATTACHED TO THE POLYMERS VIA COORDINATION TO VINYL GROUPS LOCATED ON CARBOSILANE MOIETIES AND USED IN SUZUKI CROSS-COUPLING REACTIONS. THE STRUCTURES OF ALL NEW COMPOUNDS HAVE BEEN ELUCIDATED BY A COMBINATION OF NMR SPECTROSCOPY, IR SPECTROSCOPY AND ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS.

SINCE THE DISCOVERY OF C-H OLEFINATION OF BENZENE BY FUJIWARA AT 1967 [1] NUMEROUSCATALYTIC VERSIONS OF THIS TRANSFORMATION HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED. THE VAST MAJORITY OF THESECATALYTIC PROTOCOLS PROCEED UNDER -LIGANDLESS‖ CONDITIONS (WITH PD II SALTS SUCH AS PD (OAC) 2 ASCATALYSTS) AND USE OXIDANTS SUCH AS PEROXIDES, PEROXYESTERS, DIOXYGEN, POLYOXOMETALATES, CU II, OR AG I TO ACHIEVE CATALYTIC TURNOVER [2]….